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Energy · advanced
Are PCF and Scope 1-3 Becoming New Investment Metrics Alongside NPV and IRR in Chemicals and Oil & Gas?
For decades, investment decisions in refining and petrochemicals were driven primarily by IRR, NPV, and EBITDA. That framework is evolving. PCF and Scope 1–3 emissions are increasingly becoming additional investment metrics — affecting technology selection, feedstock sourcing, financing attractiveness, and long-term product competitiveness.
Challenges · advanced
The Horizon of High-Altitude Decarbonization: Analyzing the Scalability Challenges and Risks of Sustainable Aviation Fuel
With aviation committed to net-zero by 2050, SAF must scale from under 0.3% of jet fuel supply to majority market share. This analysis examines the structural bottlenecks—from the project realization gap and green premium economics to feedstock competition and infrastructure drag—that stand between political ambition and industrial reality.